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            | Slender 
            ceratosoma nudibranch Ceratosoma gracillimum
 Family Chromodorididae
 updated May 2020
 Where 
            seen? This large chunky hard nudibranch is more commonly seen by divers 
            and sometimes seen on the intertidal on coral rubble near reefs.
  Features: 6-8cm long. The body is stiff, narrow  with a long, slender tail. 
              There is a pair of elongated  lobes on the sides (looks like 'wings'). At the body end over the tail, a large horn-like lobe, where the feathery 
              gills emerge. The head is flat  wedged-shaped with a pair rhinophores. The edges of the lobes and head are generally slightly wavy with a fine line of bright orange. The rest of the body generally speckled (orange, pink) with blotches of darker colour over a pale background.
 Like other members of the Family Chromodorididae, the Ceratosoma 
                nudibranch absorbs the toxic chemicals in their sponge food and 
                incorporate these chemicals into the mantle glands. According to Bill 
                  Rudman, most species of Ceratosoma have a long 'horn' 
                that sticks out and curves towards the head. This acts as a defensive 
                lure attracting and sacrificed to potential predators. This 'horn' 
                contains most of the distasteful chemicals stored from the sponges 
                that they feed on.
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          |  Beting Bronok, Aug 15
 
 
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             Rhinophores. |  Feathery gills. |  
         
          |  Side 'wings', large lobe over the tail and wedge shaped head.
 Beting Bronok, Jul 19
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            | Sometimes mistaken for the 'Jolly Green Giant' nudibranch (Ceratosoma sinuatum) which has 
                  regular undulating lobes along the edge of the mantle from the head 
                  to the tail. 
 What does it eat? It is eats sponges.
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            | Slender 
      ceratosoma nudibranchs on Singapore shores |  
 
        
          
            | Other sightings on Singapore shores |  
 
        
          |  East Coast PCN, Jul 20
 Photo shared by Loh Kok Sheng on facebook.
 
 
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          |  Beting Bronok, Jul 23
 Photo shared by Marcus Ng on facebook.
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             Beting Bronok, Jul 19
 Photo 
              shared by Marcus Ng on flickr.
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          |  Sentosa Serapong, Jun 18
 Photo 
              shared by Abel Yeo on facebook.
 |  Sentosa Serapong, Jul 25
 Photo shared by Tammy Lim on facebook.
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          |  St. John's Island, Feb 15
 Photo shared by Neo Mei Lin on her blog.
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             Sentosa Serapong, May 12
 Photo 
              shared by Marcus Ng on facebook.
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          |  Pulau Hantu, Jul 07
 Photo 
                shared by Toh Chay Hoon on flickr.
 
 
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             Pulau Hantu, Mar 08
 Photo 
            shared by Toh Chay Hoon on flickr.
 |  |  
 
        
          |  Pulau Semakau (South), Apr 18
 Photo shared by Jianlin Liu on facebook.
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             Pulau Semakau (North), Jul 20
 Photo shared by Marcus Ng on facebook.
 |  Terumbu Raya, May 09
 Photo 
                shared by Loh Kok Sheng on his 
          blog.
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          |  Beting Bemban Besar, Jun 15
 Photo shared by Toh Chay Hoon on facebook.
 |  Beting Bemban Besar, Jun 15
 Photo shared by Toh Chay Hoon on facebook.
 |  Beting Bemban Besar, Oct 25
 Photo shared by Yan Le Su on facebook.
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          | Links 
 References 
             
              Tan Siong 
                Kiat and Henrietta P. M. Woo, 2010 Preliminary 
                Checklist of The Molluscs of Singapore (pdf), Raffles 
                Museum of Biodiversity Research, National University of Singapore.Debelius, 
                Helmut, 2001. Nudibranchs 
                and Sea Snails: Indo-Pacific Field Guide 
                IKAN-Unterwasserachiv, Frankfurt. 321 pp. |  |  |