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| shelled snails text index | photo index |
| Phylum Mollusca > Class Gastropoda > Family Cassidae |
| Grey
bonnet snail Phalium glaucum Family Cassidae updated Aug 12 Where seen? This beautiful snail was seen on sandy areas near lush seagrass meadows. Elsewhere, they are considered common on sandy bottoms, especially on exposed sand flats and close to dead coral areas. Intertidal and shallow subtidal zones to a depth of about 10 m. Features: 8-12cm long, elsewhere about 9cm, up to 14cm. Shell typical helmet shape with a large body whorl and tiny spire, thus resembling a bonnet. The shell is smooth and grey without any markings. It has a notch in its shell so that its siphon can be extended vertically upwards like a snorkel, probably allowing it to breathe while it stays beneath the sand to hunt or eat its prey. It has a white body and large yellowish foot which is edged in brown, the operculum is fan-shaped and bright yellow. What does it eat? According to Tan, it feeds on sea urchins but according to Poutiers it feeds on sand dollars. Some were seen on top of Cake sand dollars (Arachnoides placenta) at Cyrene Reef. For more gruesome feeding details, see Family Cassidae. Baby bonnets: Egg capsules usually form an irregular mass, the result of several females spawning together. Human uses: It is collected for food and for the shell trade. Status and threats: The Grey bonnet is listed as 'Endangered' in the Red List of threatened animals of Singapore. It is threatened by habitat loss and over-collection. The Book states that it has not been seen since the early 1970s and its status needs investigation to determine if there are any remaining populations. |
 On top of a Cake sand dollar. Cyrene Reef, Aug 11  Notch in the shell for its siphon. |
 Buried with siphon sticking out. Changi East, Oct 11 |
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 Changi, Apr 09 |
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Grey bonnet snails on Singapore shores
| Photos for free download from wildsingapore flickr |
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Links
References
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Graham Brash, Singapore. 145 pp.|
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