hard corals text index | photo index
Phylum Cnidaria > Class Anthozoa > Subclass Zoantharia/Hexacorallia
Photo index of hard corals on Singapore shores
Colony unattached to the bottom (mushroom corals)




Sunflower
mushroom coral

Heliofungia actiniformis
   



Cabbage brain coral

Trachyphyllia
geoffroyi
Skeleton saucer-shaped (10-15cm), lies unattached to the bottom. Thin continuous lines radiate from the centre, in some the walls are 'toothed'. Tentacles short and sparse. Single slit-like mouth in the centre with striped 'lips'. Colours seen include beige, brown, pink, blue, purplish, greenish. Seen on our Southern shores. Skeleton disc-shaped (generally 10-15cm), lies unattached to the bottom. Thin continuous lines with rounded 'teeth' radiate from the centre. Single slit-like mouth. Tentacles thick and long (looks like udon noodles) with a bulbous white tip. Colours usually brown but sometimes also bright green or bluish. Sometimes seen on our shores.     Solitary free-living coral 15-20cm. Meandering folded form with wide valleys and tall walls. Sometimes called Banana coral because, when submerged, the polyp inflates into smooth curved shapes. Seen on our Southern shores.
         



Feather
mushroom coral

Ctenactis sp.



Tongue
mushroom coral

Herpolitha sp.



Mole
mushroom coral

Polyphyllia sp.
 
Skeleton elongated oval (20-30cm) with rounded ends. Lies unattached to the bottom. Prominent central furrow. Thin lines, parallel, continuous with large, evenly spaced 'teeth'. Tentacles tiny, very sparse. Colours yellow, brown, green and blue. Seen on our Southern shores. Skeleton elongated oval (15-25cm) with rounded ends. Lies unattached to the bottom. Prominent central furrow. Thin lines, parallel, continuous with fine indistinct 'teeth'. Tentacles tiny, very sparse. Colours beige or brown. Seen on our Southern shores. Skeleton longer than broad (20-30cm) often with rather pointed ends. Prominent central furrow. Thin short lines, parallel, discontinuous with sparse fine indistinct 'teeth'. Tentacles tiny, very sparse. Colours include shades of green, light blue as well as purplish. Seen on some of our shores. Skeleton longer than broad (15-25cm) with rounded ends. Lies unattached to the bottom. Indistinct central furrow. Tiny short lines, that form petal-shaped, radial patterns, instead of parallel lines. Tentacles short, cylindrical, white-tipped, when extended results in a 'furry' look. Colours include brown, grey, cream to blue, purple and green. Seen on our Southern shores.  

how to tell apart long mushroom corals



photo index of
cnidarians on this site
Phylum Cnidaria
with hard skeleton

polyp shape
long tentacles

colony shape
  leafy

crinkled


plate


branching
  thick branches
thin branches
  boulder
  Corallite shape=
ring
hexagonal
brain or maze

others

colony unattached
(mushroom hard coral)
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