hard corals text index | photo index
Phylum Cnidaria > Class Anthozoa > Subclass Zoantharia/Hexacorallia
Photo index of hard corals on Singapore shores
Colony plate-shaped




Thin disk coral
Turbinaria sp.



Flowery disk coral
Turbinaria peltata



Encrusting disk coral
Turbinaria sp.



Ruffled disk coral
Turbinaria sp.
 
Colony 15-20cm, plate-like very thin (0.2-0.5cm) forming a cup or inverted cone. Corallites tiny low rounded bumps. Polyps tiny with few short tentacles. Colours seen include yellow, brown, green and bluish. Commonly seen on many of our shores. Colonies 20-50cm, plate-like thick (1cm) sometimes folded into a cabbage-like shape or with columns from the centre. Corallites cup-like, polyps large (1-1.5cm) with many fat tentacles. Colours various pastel shades. Commonly seen on many of our shores. Colonies 20-50cm, plate-like thick (1cm) encrusting. Corallites conical, polyps small (1cm) with fewer long, thin tentacles. Colours yellow, brown, green, bluish. Seen on many of our Southern shores. Colonies 20-50cm, plate-like thin (0.5cm) often folded into ruffles. Corallites conical, polyps small (1cm) with many short tentacles. Colours pale pinkish, yellow, dark brown with yellow edges, pale green with pink edges. Seen on many of our shores.  
         



Plate montipora coral
Montipora sp.



Hedgehog coral
Echinopora sp.



Elephant-nose plate coral
Mycedium elephantotus
   
Colony 15-20cm, a thin plate, outer edge lacks polyps. Corallites are tiny. There may be bumps but these are smaller than the polyps. The polyps are tiny. Colours brown with white tips or white, greenish, bluish. Seen on our Southern shores.
Colonies about 20cm, plate-like. Corallites (less than 0.5cm) form bumps with prickly ridges in the spaces between the corallites. Colours purple, bluish to brown and yellow. Rarely seen, on our Southern shores. Colonies about 20cm, plate-like encrusting. Large cup-shaped corallites (1.5cm) that look like a nose. Rarely seen, on our Southern shores.    
         



Ringed plate coral
Pachyseris speciosa



Ridged plate coral
Merulina sp.



Bracket
mushroon coral

Podabacia sp.



Lithophyllon
mushroon coral

Lithophyllon undulatum
 
Colonies about 20cm, encrusting plates or frilly branches. Corallites form concentric rings of ridges. Polyps usually not visible. Colours brown, orangey, blue and green. Seen on our Southern shores. Colony 10-15cm, encrusting or fans, sometimes with knobbly portions. Corallites walls thick, short and form meandering valleys and ridges, fanning from centre of the plate to the edges. Colour seen include beige, brown, yellow, green and blue. Seen on some of our Southern shores. Skeleton (30-40cm) plate-like, attached at the base but wavy at the edges. Corallites form a distinctive pattern of fine parallel lines perpendicular to the edge. Colours brown, green and blue. Seen on our shores. Skeleton (about 20cm) plate-like, attached at the base but wavy at the edges. Corallites form a distinctive pattern of thick parallel lines.Rarely seen, on our Southern shores.  



photo index of
cnidarians on this site
Phylum Cnidaria
with hard skeleton

polyp shape
long tentacles

colony shape
  leafy

crinkled


plate


branching
  thick branches
thin branches
  boulder
  Corallite shape=
ring
hexagonal
brain or maze

others

colony unattached
(mushroom hard coral)
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